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Directions: Before you start, listen to part of a talk in an anatomy class.
*Vocabulary is sometimes provided in written form when it may be unfamiliar to the student but essential for understanding the lecture
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| Vocabulary |
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| Wilhelm Röntgen |
| electromagnetic radiation |
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[/et_pb_text][et_pb_toggle title=”The Invention of the X-Ray – Transcript” closed_toggle_background_color=”#ffffff” module_class=”tlpp-toggle” _builder_version=”4.7.3″ title_font=”Open Sans|700|||||||” border_radii=”on|10px|10px|10px|10px” saved_tabs=”all” global_colors_info=”{}”]
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible “ray” would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an “X-ray” image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists around the world quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-rays were widely used to detect a variety of injuries and diseases. In 1901, Röntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize for physics for his work in this field.
The X-ray is a form of high energy electromagnetic radiation with a short wavelength capable of penetrating solids and ionizing gases. As they are used in medicine, X-rays are emitted from an X-ray machine and directed toward a specially treated metallic plate placed behind the patient’s body. The beam of radiation results in darkening of the X-ray plate. X-rays are slightly impeded by soft tissues, which show up as gray on the X-ray plate, whereas hard tissues, such as bone, largely block the rays, producing a light-toned “shadow”. Thus, X-rays are best used to visualize hard body structures such as teeth and bones. Like many forms of high energy radiation, however, X-rays are capable of damaging cells and initiating changes that can lead to cancer. This danger of excessive exposure to X-rays was not fully appreciated for many years after their widespread use.
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